Lot Attribute
A lot attribute is a per-lot data point — assay value, moisture content, potency, manufacture date, supplier lot, certificate hash — distinct from per-material master data and from per-batch operational records. Defined in ANSI/ISA-95 Part 2 as part of the Material Lot model, lot attributes are what drives potency-corrected charging, expiry/retest calculation, recall scoping and the dispensing decisions made hundreds of times a day on a manufacturing floor.
01What a lot attribute is
A lot attribute is a property of one specific lot of one specific material, distinct from the material master (which is per-material) and from the batch record (which is per-batch). Examples: assay 99.4% on Lot A24-1183 of acetylsalicylic acid; moisture 0.6% on Lot B25-0907; supplier lot SUP-44521; manufacture date 2025-08-15; certificate-hash SHA-256 fingerprint. Without lot attributes, dispensing is a guess, potency correction is impossible and recall is approximate.
- Captured at receipt (from CoA), at QC release (from in-house testing), and during in-process events (from retest).
- Versioned if an attribute is re-determined — the lot may have an assay-at-receipt and an assay-at-retest, both retained.
- Used live by the dispensing engine: 'charge 10.00 kg ASA' becomes '10.06 kg' because the lot assay is 99.4%.
- Carried through genealogy — lot attributes of every contributing lot are queryable from the finished product.
- Surface on the eBR — auditors see the precise lot attributes used in the calculations they review.
02Common attribute categories
| Category | Examples | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | Material code, supplier lot, internal lot ID | Receipt |
| Composition | Assay, potency, moisture, residual solvents | CoA + in-house QC |
| Physical | Particle size D50, bulk density, viscosity | CoA + in-house QC |
| Microbiological | TAMC, TYMC, specified organisms | In-house QC |
| Dates | Manufacture, expiry, retest, last-tested | Computed + CoA |
| Regulatory | GMP-grade attestation, animal-origin status | CoA + supplier |
| Logistics | Container count, net weight, storage location | Receipt + WMS |
03Capturing lot attributes
- CoA parsing — structured CoAs (XML, signed JSON) ingest directly into attribute fields; PDF CoAs require manual entry or OCR with verification.
- QC release — in-house test results post to the lot record as attributes when QC disposition is Released.
- Retest events — new attribute version recorded; prior version retained for traceability.
- Manual edits require e-signature, rationale and audit trail under Part 11.
- Bulk import (for historical migration) is permitted with documented validation but never used in steady state.
04How lot attributes are consumed
- Potency-corrected dispensing — assay attribute drives the charge calculation in real time.
- Expiry enforcement — expiry attribute prevents dispensing of expired lots; warns on near-expiry lots.
- Retest enforcement — retest-date attribute prevents use beyond interval without QC re-release.
- Specification-based picking — lot attributes (e.g. particle size) match recipe requirements (e.g. needs D50 < 50µm).
- Recall queries — 'every lot with moisture > 0.8% used in product P26-04500–P26-04520' resolves in seconds.
05Common mistakes
- Treating CoA values as free-form text instead of typed attributes — calculations cannot use them.
- Overwriting prior attribute values during retest — lose the history needed for trend analysis.
- No audit trail on attribute edits — Part 11 violation; investigator cannot reconstruct.
- Per-lot attributes stored on the material master — pollutes the master with lot-specific noise.
- Manual entry of every attribute when supplier CoAs are machine-readable — wasted effort, transcription errors.
- Failing to capture supplier lot alongside internal lot — recall scope across suppliers becomes impossible.
06Cross-industry examples
- Pharma API — assay (HPLC), water (Karl Fischer), residual solvents (GC), heavy metals (ICP-MS) as per-lot attributes.
- Biopharma — bioactivity titre, host-cell protein, endotoxin per lot.
- Medical device components — dimensional measurements, surface-roughness Ra, biocompatibility ISO 10993 attributes.
- Food ingredients — moisture, fat, protein, allergen test results, pathogen screening results.
- Cosmetics — colour Lab values, viscosity at 25°C, perfume strength index.
- Cannabis — cannabinoid profile (THC, CBD, CBG…), terpene profile, residual solvents, pesticide residue per lot.
07How V5 Ultimate handles lot attributes
Frequently asked questions
Q.What is the difference between a lot attribute and a material spec?+
The spec defines acceptance limits at the material level (e.g. assay 98.0–102.0%). The lot attribute is the actual value for one specific lot (e.g. 99.4% on Lot A24-1183). The spec is per-material; the attribute is per-lot.
Q.Should we trust the supplier CoA or always retest?+
Per 21 CFR 211.84(d)(2) and ICH Q7, identity is always tested in-house; for other attributes, supplier results can be accepted after a qualified-supplier programme verifies them periodically. Lot attributes from the CoA are still captured for use in calculations.
Q.What happens when a lot is retested?+
A new attribute version is captured with date, analyst, method and result. Both versions remain; the most recent valid (within retest interval) is used for calculations. If the retest disqualifies the lot, status moves to Rejected.
Q.Can lot attributes be missing?+
Critical attributes (identity, assay, expiry) must be present before the lot can be released. Non-critical attributes may be missing but the gap is flagged. Calculations that require a missing attribute are blocked, not silently defaulted.
Q.How are corrections to lot attributes handled?+
Via e-signed correction with rationale; both old and new values retained in the audit trail; any downstream calculation that consumed the old value is flagged for impact review.
Primary sources
Further reading
V5 Ultimate ships with the Lot Attribute controls already wired in — audit trail, e-signatures, validation evidence. Free trial, no credit card, onboard in days, not months.
